别孕烯醇酮对6-羟基多巴胺损伤的细胞系SH-SY5Y的保护作用

目的 明确别孕烯醇酮（APα）对6-羟多巴胺（6-OHDA）损伤的SH-SY5Y细胞系的保护作用，并阐明可能的分子机制。方法 向体外培养的SH-SY5Y细胞系中分别加入6-OHDA、APα、γ-氨基丁酸A受体（GABAAR）拮抗剂荷包牡丹碱（Bic）和电压门控L型Ca²⁺通道拮抗剂硝苯地平（nifedipine），采用免疫荧光细胞化学染色方法观察不同组别酪氨酸羟化酶（TH）阳性细胞的变化，Western blotting检测胞质钙调蛋白（CaM）、钙离子 钙调蛋白依赖性蛋白激酶Ⅱ δ3（CaMKⅡδ3），胞核CaMKⅡδ3、脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）和细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶（CDK1）表达的变化，采用蛋白质免疫共沉淀验证CaMKⅡδ3与CDK1/BDNF的相互作用。 结果 APα作用后，6-OHDA损伤的SH-SY5Y细胞TH和5-溴脱氧尿嘧啶核苷（BrdU）阳性细胞数目均明显增加，而TH/BrdU双阳性细胞数目无显著变化；同时Western blotting结果表明，SH-SY5Y细胞胞质和胞核上述蛋白的表达与单纯 6-OHDA 组相比也明显上升，经Bic处理后各蛋白增加更为明显。免疫共沉淀结果表明，CaMKⅡδ3与CDK1/BDNF存在相互作用。 结论 APα对6-OHDA损伤的SH-SY5Y细胞的保护中，GABAAR发挥负性调控作用，通过稳定细胞的内环境达到增加TH阳性神经元数量的目的，其中Ca²⁺ -CaM-CaMKⅡδ3信号通路和BDNF与CDK1发挥了关键作用。     

Validation and utilisation of a digital version of the survey instrument for natural history,Aetiology and Prevalence of Patellofemoral pain studies (eSNAPPS)

ObjectiveThis study validated the newly adapted electronic SNAPPS (eSNAPPS) against the original paper SNAPPS. Subsequently, the study estimated the prevalence of PFP in running participants and spectators attending three mass-participant running events in the United Kingdom by using the eSNAPPS tool.DesignThis study had two parts. Firstly, a validation of the original paper version of the SNAPPS tool. Secondly, if validation was achieved, eSNAPPS was used in a prevalence study.ParticipantsA convenience sample of running participants and spectators aged 18–40 years attending the mass participation running events.Main outcome measureThe 12-month prevalence of PFP.Results: eSNAPPS was valid in identifying those with PFP (ICC 0.99 for Overall agreement, p < 0.0001). In the prevalence study, a total of 1080 running participants and spectators completed the eSNAPPS. The overall prevalence of PFP was 17.4% (95%CI: 15.2%, 19.8%); 20.5% of males (16.5, 24.9) and 15.7% of females (13.1, 18.7) had PFP. Prevalence was 17.4% (15.2, 19.8) in spectators and 16.7% in running participants (14.5, 19.0).ConclusionThe overall PFP prevalence in this study was slightly smaller than those previously reported in the literature. Findings also show that there were similar prevalence estimates in spectators and running participants.     

注射用核糖核酸Ⅱ改善晚期胰腺癌化疗患者整体获益可能性的真实世界研究北大核心

目的:评价注射用核糖核酸Ⅱ联合化疗在真实世界中治疗晚期胰腺癌的疗效和安全性。方法:基于LinkDoc数据库纳入2012年至2018年就诊于河南省肿瘤医院等10家研究中心且确诊为局部进展期和晚期胰腺癌的患者923例,试验组采用化疗联合注射用核糖核酸Ⅱ治疗,对照组采用单纯化疗治疗。采用倾向性评分匹配的方法均衡两组的基线信息,比较两组间的总生存期(overall survival,OS)、无进展生存期(progression-free survival,PFS)及不良事件和化疗相关不良反应的发生率。结果:试验组和对照组的中位OS分别为7.5个月和6.7个月,中位PFS分别为3.7个月和3.3个月,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。试验组不良事件发生率略低于对照组(88.7%vs 92.1%),试验组化疗相关不良反应发生率略高于对照组(64.1%vs 57.1%),差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:注射用核糖核酸Ⅱ联合化疗治疗晚期胰腺癌具有生存获益趋势,无肝转移患者是潜在的优势人群,该结论尚需前瞻性研究进一步确证。     

Developing the Intergenerational Community Survey for older adults: Assessing neighborhood environments,social and physical activities,and health

Many survey instruments have been developed to assess neighborhood environments for their impacts on people's health and daily activities. However, no instruments are available for capturing social interactions with different age groups among older populations. This study introduces a four-phase process of developing a comprehensive Intergenerational Community Survey (ICS) covering six domains: (1) physical activities, walking, and sedentary activities; (2) mental health and quality of life; (3) social activities (e.g. intergenerational and peer interactions) in and outside the neighborhood; (4) neighborhood environments (e.g. safety, streets and sidewalks); (5) supportive services or programs (e.g. intergenerational programs, transportation services); and (6) personal characteristics. Test-retest reliability assessments among 38 community-dwelling older adults (aged 65+) showed fair to good reliability results. ICS can serve as a useful tool to facilitate future research on intergenerational communities and interactions for older adults.     

超声清创治疗慢性创面的疗效观察

目的探讨应用多功能清创仪对慢性创面进行超声清创治疗的临床效果。 方法将2016年10月至2018年10月黑龙江省医院烧伤科收治的、符合入选标准的60例慢性创面患者按随机数字表法分为治疗组和对照组,每组30例。治疗组患者适当清除创面坏死组织后,采用多功能清创仪进行超声清创治疗2周,每周2次;对照组患者应用传统床旁清创和隔日换药治疗。2组患者首次清创治疗前、后12 d分别取创面标本送检。记录2组患者首次清创治疗前及治疗后12 d的创面细菌数量、创面细菌清除率和创面日本褥疮经过评价标准各指标评分。数据比较采用t检验和χ²检验。 结果首次清创治疗前,治疗组与对照组患者创面检测出金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌,菌落数比较差异均无统计学意义(P值均大于0.05);治疗后12 d,2组患者创面对应细菌数比较,差异均有统计学意义(P值均小于0.05)。清创治疗后12 d,治疗组患者创面金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌,细菌清除率分别为(77.66±4.18)%、(76.12±5.14)%、(80.69±4.92)%、(75.95±3.16)%,与对照组(42.64±2.37)%、(37.14±2.68)%、(27.12±3.17)%、(41.77±2.59)%比较,差异均有统计学意义(t＝5.39、3.97、3.87、5.37,P值均小于0.05)。首次清创治疗前2组患者创面情况比较差异均无统计学意义(P值均大于0.05)。治疗后12 d治疗组日本褥疮经过评价标准综合评分总分(13.60±3.28) 分,与对照组治疗后12 d (20.33±4.79) 分相比,差异有统计学意义(t＝6.14,P<0.05)。 结论多功能清创仪超声清创治疗慢性创面的临床效果较佳,值得临床治疗推广。     

Notch1/Hes1信号调控C/EBPα表达对AECII细胞增殖与分化的影响

目的:探讨Notch1/Hes1信号通路能否通过调控CCAAT/增强子结合蛋白α(C/EBPα)的表达从而影响肺泡Ⅱ型上皮细胞(AECⅡ)的增殖与分化功能。方法:体外培养人AECⅡ,将细胞随机分为对照组、激活剂组(加入Notch通路激活剂Jagged1蛋白500μg/L)和抑制剂组(加入Notch通路抑制剂DAPT 10μmol/L),于干预后24 h收获各组细胞。采用RT-qPCR和Western blot法分别检测Notch1、Hes1及C/EBPα的mRNA与蛋白表达水平;CCK-8法检测细胞活力;细胞计数检测细胞增殖;流式细胞术检测细胞周期及分化。结果:与对照组相比,激活剂组Notch1、Hes1和C/EBPα的mRNA和蛋白表达显著增加(P0.05),促进AECⅡ从S期进入G_2/M期,增殖增加而分化减少(P0.05);抑制剂组Notch1、Hes1和C/EBPαmRNA和蛋白表达水平明显降低(P0.05),AECⅡ被阻滞于G_0/G_1期,增殖减少而分化增加(P0.05)。结论:Notch1/Hes1信号可调控C/EBPα表达并能影响AECⅡ增殖与分化。     

一种具监测功能的高精度微量移液器的设计

目的针对全自动临床检验仪器传统移液方式的精度以及可靠性限制问题,设计一款带有液面监测功能的高精度微量移液器。方法基于气动置换技术,以STM32微处理器为主控芯片,通过实时检测移液器内部压力变化,实现了液面探测、吸样异常监测等功能。采用位置-速度双闭环PID算法实现对直线步进电机的精确定位,提高样本吸取的准确度。最后,通过移液过程监测实验和吸样精度验证实验,验证了设计的微量移液器的液面探测功能、吸样异常识别功能及吸样精度。结果该微量移液器移液精度较高,移液误差较小,重复性较好,并能实现移液的全过程监测。结论本文设计的微量移液器满足JJG646—2006国家标准设计规范,适用于全自动临床医疗检验仪器。     

Diesel engine exhaust exposure in underground mines: Comparison between different surrogates of particulate exposure

Exposure to diesel particulate matter (DPM) is frequently assessed by measuring indicators of carbon speciation, but these measurements may be affected by organic carbon (OC) interference. Furthermore, there are still questions regarding the reliability of direct-reading instruments (DRI) for measuring DPM, since these instruments are not specific and may be interfered by other aerosol sources. This study aimed to assess DPM exposure in 2 underground mines by filter-based methods and DRI and to assess the relationship between the measures of elemental carbon (EC) and the DRI to verify the association of these instruments to DPM. Filter-based methods of respirable combustible dust (RCD), EC, and total carbon (TC) were used to measure levels of personal and ambient DPM. For ambient measurements, DRI were used to monitor particle number concentration (PNC; PTrak), particle mass concentration (DustTrak DRX and DustTrak 8520), and the submicron fraction of EC (EC_1;Airtec). The association between ambient EC and the DRI was assessed by Spearman correlation. Geometric mean concentrations of RCD, respirable TC (TC_R) and respirable elemental EC (EC_R) were 170 µg/m³, 148 µg/m³, and 83 µg/m³ for personal samples, and 197 µg/m³, 151 µg/m³, and 100 µg/m³ for ambient samples. Personal measurements had higher TC_R:EC_R ratios compared to ambient samples (1.8 vs. 1.50) and weaker association between EC_R and TC_R. Among the DRI, the measures of EC₁ by the Airtec (ρ = 0.86; P < 0.001) and the respirable particles by the DustTrak 8520 (ρ = 0.74; P < 0.001) showed the strongest association with EC, while PNC showed a weak and non-significant association with EC. In conclusion, this study provided important information about the concentrations of DPM in underground mines by measuring several indicators using filter-based methods and DRI. Among the DRI, the Airtec proved to be a good tool for estimating EC concentrations and, although the DustTrak showed good association with EC, interferences from other aerosol sources should be considered when using this instrument to assess DPM.     

救母丹合宫外孕Ⅱ号方运用于药物流产临床研究

目的:观察救母丹合宫外孕Ⅱ号方运用于药物流产的临床疗效。方法:将160例要求使用药物流产的早期妊娠患者随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组各80例。对照组给予米非司酮联合米索前列醇,治疗组在对照组的基础上给予救母丹合宫外孕Ⅱ号方。观察两组患者临床疗效、出血情况及孕囊排出时间,测量两组患者治疗前后子宫三径大小,检测两组患者治疗前后血红细胞、血红蛋白、血小板、血浆凝血酶原时间及血β-HCG变化情况。结果:治疗组有效率为95.00%,对照组有效率为78.75%,两组患者临床疗效比较,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗组出血时间短于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗组孕囊排出时间明显短于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者子宫三径小于治疗前,且治疗组小于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患者治疗后血β-HCG低于治疗前,且治疗组低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:救母丹合宫外孕Ⅱ号方辅助米非司酮联合米索前列醇用于药物流产,能提高流产疗效,降低清宫率。